Year: 2026 | Month: April | Volume: 13 | Issue: 4 | Pages: 262-268
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20260425
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of Green Okra Fruit Extract (Abelmoschus esculentus) against Streptococcus mitis
Fatin Saifana Adila1, Sri Lestari2, Dwi Warna Aju Fatmawati3
1Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jember, Indonesia,
2Department of Conservation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jember, Indonesia,
3Department of Conservation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jember, Indonesia
Corresponding Author: Sri Lestari
ABSTRACT
Streptococcus mitis (S.mitis) is a bacterium commonly found in infected root canals, which necessitate root canal treatment (RCT). Irrigation is an important stage to eliminate the root canal from debris and microorganism. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) 2,5% and Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) 17% are frequently used as irrigation agents. NaOCl can be toxic to periapical tissues, whereas EDTA exhibits low antibacterial properties. The use of natural materials such as green okra fruit is considered safer than chemical agents. Green okra fruit extract possesses antibacterial properties, a requirement for an ideal irrigation material. This study aims to determine the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of green okra fruit extract against S.mitis. This type of research was a laboratory experimental study with a post-test only control group design. There are six treatment groups: green okra fruit extract concentrations of 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, NaOCl 2.5%, EDTA 17%, and aquadest. The MBC test using the solid dilution method and determined by observing the growth of S.mitis colonies on Petri dishes. The research results were analyzed using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Bacterial colonies were observed in extract concentrations of 6.25% (36 colonies), 12.5% (12 colonies), and aquadest (159 colonies). No bacterial colony growth was detected at extract concentration of 25%, NaOCl 2.5%, and EDTA 17%. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significance value of 0.00 (α<0.05). The Mann-Whitney test indicated significant differences among all research groups, except between the green okra fruit extract concentration of 25%, NaOCl 2.5%, and EDTA 17% groups. The MBC of green okra fruit extract against S.mitis bacteria is not at 12.5% but at 25%. The 25% concentration exhibits properties similar to NaOCl 2.5% and EDTA 17%, as evidenced by the absence of S.mitis colony growth.
Keywords: Green okra fruit extract, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), Streptococcus mitis
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