Year: 2024 | Month: September | Volume: 11 | Issue: 9 | Pages: 9-18
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20240902
Genetic Variations of SARS-COV-2: Distribution of Variants and Mutations in the N Gene
Siskalil Fahma1, Hirowati Ali2,4, Andani Eka Putra3,5
1Graduate School of Biotechnology, Andalas University, 2Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, 3Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Biomedical Laboratory, 4Center for Integrative Biomedical Research, Andalas University, 5 Center for Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University,
Graduate School of Biotechnology, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia.
Corresponding Author: Andani Eka Putra
ABSTRACT
The SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) gene is the most frequently mutated gene after the spike gene. This research aims to analyze the distribution of SARS-CoV-2 and nucleotide variations of the N gene in the SARS-CoV-2 variant found in West Sumatra.
We analyzed 268 genome sequences of SARS-COV-2 at the start of the pandemic from April 2020 to March 2022 and compared them with NC45512. The range consists of three waves: the first, second, and third waves, all of which are dominated by the B.1.466.2 lineage.
Distribution lineage found 20 lineages, with the majority being B.1.466.2 (31.72%), a local variant. The delta variant is 19.20% divided into two lineages, AY.23 and AY24, and the Omicron variant is 14.18%. In this study, we found unique mutations in the N gene where the B.1.466.2 variant can be seen with the T205I amino acid change and Delta with the D64G, R203M, and G215C amino acid changes; omicron variant with amino acid changes P13L, DEL 31/33, R203K, and G204R.
Conclusion: We conclude that there are nucleotide variations in the West Sumatra SARS-CoV-2 N gene.
Keywords: SARS CoV-2, nucleocapsid gene, mutation variant B.1.466.2, delta, omicron
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